Transient Visual Loss: Causes, Approach, Investigation & Treatment Causes: Vascular: Amaurosis fugax (due to carotid artery disease), transient ischemic attack (TIA), migraines Ocular: Retinal artery occlusion, optic neuritis Neurological: Papilledema, vertebrobasilar insufficiency Systemic: Hypotension, hypercoagulability disorders Approach to Patient: Detailed history (duration, triggers, associated symptoms) Complete eye examination (visual acuity, IOP, fundus exam) Neurological and cardiovascular assessment Investigations: Fundus photography, OCT, Visual Fields Carotid Doppler, MRI/MRA brain, Echocardiography Blood tests (CBC, lipid profile, blood sugar, coagulation profile) Treatment: Vascular causes: Antiplatelets, anticoagulants, carotid endarterectomy if needed Ocular causes: Retinal treatment, steroids for optic neuritis Neurological causes: Management of underlying condition Lifestyle modifications: BP, sugar, cholesterol control For expert eye care, visit us at Dr. Maria’s Eye Clinic, Saligramam,  Chennai.